Within the framework of the ESIA report for the "Ulaanbaatar Metro" project, a paleontological exploration and study were conducted in collaboration with the Institute of Paleontology of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences (MAS).

The study was carried out between September 22 and September 25, 2025, fully covering the entire project implementation area, which spans approximately 20 kilometers from 5-Shar to Uliastai.

Survey Process and Results

The study was conducted in accordance with the Law on the Protection of Cultural Heritage. Based on the reconnaissance study, no paleontological remains were identified on the ground surface along the metro alignment, and the exposure of sedimentary rocks was limited. Therefore, the project area has been classified as having an “undetermined impact,” indicating that although no visible findings were identified, the possibility of subsurface heritage remains cannot be completely ruled out.

Future Mitigation and Cautionary Measures

Although no remains were found on the surface, researchers warn that ancient animal or plant fossils may emerge due to natural factors (rain, floods, wind) or during the deep excavation and construction phases. Therefore, the following actions are recommended:

• Operational Oversight: Use the "Paleontological Impact Map" included in the research report as a primary guide during construction activities.
• Heightened Vigilance: Exercise extreme caution when working in areas specifically mapped as having "High Potential Impact."
• Emergency Reporting: If any fossils or remains are discovered during operations, construction must pause immediately, and professional authorities must be notified to organize rescue and preservation efforts in accordance with the law.